Friday, 9 April 2021 27 Nisan 5781 כ״ז נִיסָן תשפ״א learned on this date
Shekalim 19 שקלים
Seder Moed סדר מועד
Cycle 14 ends Monday, 7 June 2027. 17% of the way through the Talmud.
Bold is the Talmud's own words. The regular text between is explanation woven in by Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz (1937 to 2020), whose English translation this is. A mishna is the short ruling a passage starts from; the Gemara is the discussion of it; a baraita is an early teaching quoted from outside the Mishna.
Shekalim 19 תלמוד ירושלמי שקלים ו׳:ד׳:ל״א-ז׳:ב׳:ד׳
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MISHNAH: Coins which are found between the sheqalim and the voluntary gifts, if closer to sheqalim they have to be given to sheqalim, closer to voluntary gifts to voluntary gifts; in the middle they have to be given to voluntary gifts. Between wood and incense, if closer to wood they have to be given to wood, closer to incense to incense; in the middle they have to be given to incense. Between nests and young birds for elevation sacrifices, if closer to nests they have to be given to nests, closer to young birds for elevation sacrifices to young birds for elevation sacrifices; in the middle they have to be given to young birds for elevation sacrifices. Between profane money and Second Tithe\4, if closer to profane money they have to be given to profane money, closer to Second Tithe to Second Tithe; in the middle they have to be given to Second Tithe. This is the principle: one follows proximity; in the middle one is stringent.
משנה: מָעוֹת שֶׁנִּמְצְאוּ בֵּין שְׁקָלִים לִנְדָבָה קָרוֹב לַשְּׁקָלִים יִפָּלוּ לַשְּׁקָלִים לַנְּדָבָה יִפְּלוּ לַנְּדָבָה מֶחֱצָה לְמֶחֱצָה יִפְּלוּ לַנְּדָבָה. בֵּין עֵצִים לִלְבוֹנָה קָרוֹב לָעֵצִים יִפְּלוּ לָעֵצִים לַלְּבוֹנָה יִפְּלוּ לַלְּבוֹנָה מֶחֱצָה לְמֶחֱצָה יִפְּלוּ לַלְּבוֹנָה. בֵּין קִנִּים לְגוֹזְלֵי עוֹלָה קָרוֹב לַקִּנִּים יִפְּלוּ לַקִּינִּים לְגוֹזְלֵי עוֹלָה יִפְּלוּ לְגוֹזְלֵי עוֹלָה. מֶחֱצָה לְמֶחֱצָה יִפְּלוּ לְגוֹזְלֵי עוֹלָה. בֵּין חוּלִּין לְמַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי קָרוֹב לַחוּלִּין יִפְּלוּ לַחוּלִּין לְמַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי יִפְּלוּ לְמַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי מֶחֱצָה לְמֶחֱצָה יִפְּלוּ לְמָעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי. זֶה הַכְּלָל הוֹלְכִין אַחַר הַקָּרוֹב מֶחֱצָה לְמֶחֱצָה לְהַחְמִיר:
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HALAKHAH: “Coins which are found between the sheqalim and the voluntary gifts,” etc. It would only be necessary between sheqalim and nests! They were arranged like a snail. Would it not be necessary that it be given to sheqalim? Some want to say, maybe they would remain with the excess of the lodge. Some want to say, in the middle it is as if he died. Rebbi Yasa said, when I still was there, I heard the voice of Rav Jehudah asking Samuel, if somebody had set his sheqel apart and died? He told him, they shall fall to the gift account. The excess of his tenth of an ephah, Rebbi Joḥanan said, one shall bring them to the Dead Sea. Rebbi Eleazar said, it shall fall to the gift account.
הלכה: מָעוֹת שֶׁנִּמְצְאוּ בֵּין שְׁקָלִים לִנְדָבָה כול׳. לָא צוֹרְכָה דְלָא בֵין שְׁקָלִים לִקִינִּים. רִבִּי אָבוּן בְשֵׁם רִבִּי פִינְחָס. כְּמִין כּוֹכְלִיַים הָיוּ עֲשׂוּיִין. לָא צוֹרְכָה דְלָא מֶחֱצָה לְמֶחֱצָה יִפְּלוּ לִשְׁקָלִים. אִית דְּבָעֵי מֵימַר. שֶׁמָּא יִפְּלוּ לְשִׂיֵּרֵי הַלִּשְׁכָּה. אִית דְּבָעֵי מֵימַר. מֶחֱצָה לְמֶחֱצָה כְּמִי שֶׁמֵּת. אָמַר רִבִּי יָסָא. עַד דַּאֲנָא תַמָּן שְׁמָעִית קָל רַב יְהוּדָה שְׁאַל לִשְׁמוּאֵל. הִפְרִישׁ שִׁקְלוֹ וָמֵת. אֲמַר לֵיהּ. יִפְּלוּ לִנְדָבָה. עֲשִׂירִית הָאֵיפָה שֶׁלּוֹ. רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן אָמַר. יוֹלִיכֵם לְיַם הַמֶּלַח. רִבִּי לָעְזָר אָמַר. יִפְּלוּ לִנְדָבָה.
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And it is difficult. May purification offering be brought as elevation offering? Rebbi Ḥizqiah (brother) in the name of Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish: It is a stipulation of the Court that the excesses be brought as elevation sacrifices. By what is that woman atoned for? Rebbi Isaac said, it is a stipulation of the Court that the providers of nests also provide the disqualified ones. Would it not also be necessary between incense and wood, and frankincense, and gold for the cover? As it is stated at the end, “one follows nearness; in the middle one is stringent.”
וְקַשְׁיָא. וְיֵשׁ חַטָּאת קְרֵיבָה עוֹלָה. רִבִּי חִזְקִיָּה אֲחִי בְשֵׁם רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן לָקִישׁ. תְּנַיי בֵית דִּין הוּא עַל הַמּוֹתָרוֹת שֶׁיִּקְרְבוּ עוֹלוֹת. הָאִשָּׁה הַזֹּאת בַּמֶּה הִיא מִתְכַּפֶּרֶת. אָמַר רִבִּי יִצְחָק. תְּנַיי בֵית דִּין הוּא. הַמְסַפֵּק אֶת הַקִּינִּים הוּא מְסַפְּק אֶת הַפְּסוּלוֹת. לָא צוֹרְכָא דְלָא בֵין קְטוֹרֶת לָעֵצִים לִלְבוֹנָה לְזָהָב לַכַּפּוֹרֶת. וְתַנִּיתָהּ בְּסוֹפָהּ. הוֹלְכִין אַחַר הַקָּרוֹב מֶחֱצָה לְמֶחֱצָה לְהַחְמִיר.
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4
MISHNAH: Coins found near vendors of animals always are Tithe money. On the Temple Mount, profane. In Jerusalem, during the remainder of the year they are profane, during the holidays everything is Second Tithe.
Of meat found in the Temple courtyard, limbs are elevation sacrifices and cuts purification sacrifices; in Jerusalem well-being sacrifices. In either case it has to lose its shape and be taken out to be disposed of by burning.
If it was found in the countryside, limbs are carrion, cuts are permitted. On holidays, when meat is abundant, even limbs are permitted.משנה: מָעוֹת שֶׁנִּמְצְאוּ לִפְנֵי סוֹחֲרֵי בְּהֵמָה לְעוֹלָם מַעֲשֵׂר. וּבְהַר הַבַּיִת חוּלִּין. וּבִירוּשָׁלִַם בִשְׁאָר יְמוֹת הַשָּׁנָה חוּלִּין וּבִשְׁעַת הָרֶגֶל הַכֹּל מַעֲשֵׂר. בָּשָׂר שֶׁנִּמְצָא בָּעֲזָרָה אֵיבָרִים עוֹלוֹת. וַחֲתִיכוֹת חַטָּאוֹת. וּבִירוּשָׁלַיִם זִבְחֵי שְׁלָמִים. זֶה וָזֶה תְּעוּבַּר צוּרָתוֹ וְיֵצֵא לְבֵית הַשְּרֵפָה. נִמְצָא בַּגְּבוּלִין אֵיבָרִים נְבֵילוֹת וַחֲתִיכוֹת מוּתָּרוֹת. וּבִשְׁעַת הָרֶגֶל שֶׁהַבָּשָׂר מְרוּבֶּה אַף אֵיבָרִין מוּתָּרוֹת:
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HALAKHAH: Would it not be necessarily holy on the Temple Mount? Rebbi Abba, Rebbi Ḥiyya in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: There is a presumption that no Cohen will remove money from the lodge unless it is redeemed by an animal.
הלכה: לָא צוֹרְכָה דְלָא בְּהַר הַבַּיַת קוֹדֶשׁ. רִבִּי בָּא רִבִּי חִיָיה בְשֵׁם רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן. חַזָּקָה שֶׁאֵין הַכֹּהֵן מוֹצִיא מִן הִַלִּישְׁכָּה מָעוֹת עַד שֶׁהוּא מְחַלְלָן עַל הַבְּהֵמָה.
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Rebbi Eleazar in the name of Rebbi Hoshaia: Diversion of attention requires {loss of} shape. Rav Hoshaia said, the Mishnah says so, “it has to lose its shape and be taken out to be disposed of by burning.” Rebbi Yose says, this is correct. You may not eat it for maybe its shape already is lost. <you may not burn it for maybe its shape is not lost> Therefore it had to say, “it has to lose its shape and be taken out to be disposed of by burning”.
רִבִּי לָעְזָר בְשֵׁם רִבִּי הוֹשַׁעְיָה. הִסִּיעַ דַּעַת טָעוֹן צוּרָה. אָמַר רַב הוֹשַׁעְיָה. מַתְנִיתָה אָמְרָה כֵן. תְּעוּבַּר צוּרָתוֹ וְיֵצֵא לְבֵית הַשְּרֵפָה. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֵי וְיֵאוּת. לְאוֹכְלוֹ אֵין אַתְּ יָכוֹל שֶׁמָּא נִתְקַלקְלָה צוּרָתוֹ. לְפוּם כֵן צָרַךְ מֵימַר. תְּעוּבַּר צוּרָתוֹ וְיֵצֵא לְבֵית הַשְּרֵפָה.
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Rebbi Crispus in the name of Rebbi Yose ben Rebbi Ḥanina: One flogs for carrion limbs because of carrion31; and the Mishnah says so: “limbs are carrion, cuts are permitted.” Are cuts not really permitted? And similarly, one flogs for carrion limbs because of carrion.
רִבִּי קְרִיסְפָּא בְשֵׁם רִבִּי יוֹסֵי בֵּרִבִּי חֲנֵיִנָה. אֵיבָרִים נְבֵילוֹת לוֹקִין עֲלֵיהֵן מִשֵּׁם נְבֵילָה. מַתְנִיתָא אָמְרָה כֵן. אֵיבָרִים נְבֵלוֹת וַחֲתִיכוֹת מוּתָּרוֹת. חֲתִיכוֹת מוּתָּרוֹת לֹא מַמָּשׁ. וְדִכְוָותָהּ אֵיבָרִים נְבֵילוֹת לוֹקִין עֲלֵיהֵן מִשֵּׁם נְבֵילָה.
English: The Jerusalem Talmud, translation and commentary by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer. Berlin, De Gruyter, 1999-2015 (CC-BY) · Hebrew/Aramaic: The Jerusalem Talmud, edition by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer. Berlin, De Gruyter, 1999-2015 (CC-BY) · Open on Sefaria
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